Free HCIP-Security V4.0 Exam Practice Questions

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

A Trojan horse is a type of malware that disguises itself as a legitimate applicationto trick users into installing it.

Transmission methods:

A.  

Exploiting vulnerabilities→ Attackers use system/software vulnerabilities to inject Trojans.

B.  

Bundled in software→ Trojans are included in cracked software or pirated applications.

C.  

Downloaded from third-party sites→ Users unknowingly install malware from untrusted sources.

D.  

Masquerading as useful software→ Fake tools trick users into installation.

Why are all options correct?

All listed methods are common ways Trojans spread.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → Malware & Trojan Horse Attacks

Intrusion Prevention Systems (IPS) in firewalls follow amulti-step processto detect and mitigate threats. The steps occur in a logical sequence:

1️⃣Step 1: Identifies and Parses Application-Layer Protocols

The firewall firstidentifies the protocol being used(e.g., HTTP, FTP, DNS, SMTP).

Parsing the protocol helps the IPS engineunderstand how the data is structuredand what types of attacks might be embedded.

This step is crucial for detectingprotocol-based attackslike SQL injection or cross-site scripting (XSS).

2️⃣Step 2: Reassembles IP Fragments and TCP Flows

Attackers oftensplit malicious payloads across multiple packetsto evade detection.

The firewallreassembles fragmented packets and TCP flowsto reconstruct the full data stream.

This step is critical for detectingevasion techniques such as fragmented attacks or out-of-order packet attacks.

3️⃣Step 3: Performs Signature Matching

Once the full data stream is reassembled, the IPScompares it against known attack signatures.

Signature matching helps detect:

Malware patterns(e.g., botnets, Trojans).

Exploits targeting vulnerabilitiesin software and operating systems.

Firewalls usepredefined signature databasesthat are regularly updated.

4️⃣Step 4: Performs the Response Action Based on the IPS Profile

If an attack is detected, the firewall takes anaction based on the IPS policy:

Block the traffic(drop malicious packets).

Alert the administrator(generate logs and alerts).

Rate-limit traffic(slow down potential attack sources).

Theresponse mechanism is customizablebased on security requirements.