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712-50 Practice Exam Questions and Answers

EC-Council Certified CISO (CCISO)

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Total Questions : 449

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Question # 1

During the course of a risk analysis your IT auditor identified threats and potential impacts. Next, your IT auditor should:

Options:

A.  

Identify and evaluate the existing controls.

B.  

Disclose the threats and impacts to management.

C.  

Identify information assets and the underlying systems.

D.  

Identify and assess the risk assessment process used by management.

Discussion 0
Question # 2

The remediation of a specific audit finding is deemed too expensive and will not be implemented. Which of the following is a TRUE statement?

Options:

A.  

The asset is more expensive than the remediation

B.  

The audit finding is incorrect

C.  

The asset being protected is less valuable than the remediation costs

D.  

The remediation costs are irrelevant; it must be implemented regardless of cost.

Discussion 0
Question # 3

The effectiveness of an audit is measured by?

Options:

A.  

The number of actionable items in the recommendations

B.  

How it exposes the risk tolerance of the company

C.  

How the recommendations directly support the goals of the company

D.  

The number of security controls the company has in use

Discussion 0
Question # 4

How often should an environment be monitored for cyber threats, risks, and exposures?

Options:

A.  

Weekly

B.  

Monthly

C.  

Quarterly

D.  

Daily

Discussion 0
Question # 5

Creating a secondary authentication process for network access would be an example of?

Options:

A.  

An administrator with too much time on their hands.

B.  

Putting undue time commitment on the system administrator.

C.  

Supporting the concept of layered security

D.  

Network segmentation.

Discussion 0
Question # 6

Which of the following BEST describes an international standard framework that is based on the security model Information Technology—Code of Practice for Information Security Management?

Options:

A.  

International Organization for Standardization 27001

B.  

National Institute of Standards and Technology Special Publication SP 800-12

C.  

Request For Comment 2196

D.  

National Institute of Standards and Technology Special Publication SP 800-26

Discussion 0
Question # 7

You are the Chief Information Security Officer of a large, multinational bank and you suspect there is a flaw in a two factor authentication token management process. Which of the following represents your BEST course of action?

Options:

A.  

Validate that security awareness program content includes information about the potential vulnerability

B.  

Conduct a thorough risk assessment against the current implementation to determine system functions

C.  

Determine program ownership to implement compensating controls

D.  

Send a report to executive peers and business unit owners detailing your suspicions

Discussion 0
Question # 8

A new CISO just started with a company and on the CISO's desk is the last complete Information Security Management audit report. The audit report is over two years old. After reading it, what should be the CISO's FIRST priority?

Options:

A.  

Have internal audit conduct another audit to see what has changed.

B.  

Contract with an external audit company to conduct an unbiased audit

C.  

Review the recommendations and follow up to see if audit implemented the changes

D.  

Meet with audit team to determine a timeline for corrections

Discussion 0
Question # 9

The effectiveness of social engineering penetration testing using phishing can be used as a Key Performance Indicator (KPI) for the effectiveness of an organization’s

Options:

A.  

Risk Management Program.

B.  

Anti-Spam controls.

C.  

Security Awareness Program.

D.  

Identity and Access Management Program.

Discussion 0
Question # 10

An IT auditor has recently discovered that because of a shortage of skilled operations personnel, the security administrator has agreed to work one late night shift a week as the senior computer operator. The most appropriate course of action for the IT auditor is to:

Options:

A.  

Inform senior management of the risk involved.

B.  

Agree to work with the security officer on these shifts as a form of preventative control.

C.  

Develop a computer assisted audit technique to detect instances of abuses of the arrangement.

D.  

Review the system log for each of the late night shifts to determine whether any irregular actions occurred.

Discussion 0
Question # 11

When a CISO considers delaying or not remediating system vulnerabilities which of the following are MOST important to take into account?

Options:

A.  

Threat Level, Risk of Compromise, and Consequences of Compromise

B.  

Risk Avoidance, Threat Level, and Consequences of Compromise

C.  

Risk Transfer, Reputational Impact, and Consequences of Compromise

D.  

Reputational Impact, Financial Impact, and Risk of Compromise

Discussion 0
Question # 12

A missing/ineffective security control is identified. Which of the following should be the NEXT step?

Options:

A.  

Perform an audit to measure the control formally

B.  

Escalate the issue to the IT organization

C.  

Perform a risk assessment to measure risk

D.  

Establish Key Risk Indicators

Discussion 0
Question # 13

When gathering security requirements for an automated business process improvement program, which of the following is MOST important?

Options:

A.  

Type of data contained in the process/system

B.  

Type of connection/protocol used to transfer the data

C.  

Type of encryption required for the data once it is at rest

D.  

Type of computer the data is processed on

Discussion 0
Question # 14

When considering using a vendor to help support your security devices remotely, what is the BEST choice for allowing access?

Options:

A.  

Vendors uses their own laptop and logins with same admin credentials your security team uses

B.  

Vendor uses a company supplied laptop and logins using two factor authentication with same admin credentials your security team uses

C.  

Vendor uses a company supplied laptop and logins using two factor authentication with their own unique credentials

D.  

Vendor uses their own laptop and logins using two factor authentication with their own unique credentials

Discussion 0
Question # 15

Which of the following is the MOST important component of any change management process?

Options:

A.  

Scheduling

B.  

Back-out procedures

C.  

Outage planning

D.  

Management approval

Discussion 0
Question # 16

Which of the following will be MOST helpful for getting an Information Security project that is behind schedule back on schedule?

Options:

A.  

Upper management support

B.  

More frequent project milestone meetings

C.  

More training of staff members

D.  

Involve internal audit

Discussion 0
Question # 17

Which of the following methods are used to define contractual obligations that force a vendor to meet customer expectations?

Options:

A.  

Terms and Conditions

B.  

Service Level Agreements (SLA)

C.  

Statement of Work

D.  

Key Performance Indicators (KPI)

Discussion 0
Question # 18

A CISO decides to analyze the IT infrastructure to ensure security solutions adhere to the concepts of how hardware and software is implemented and managed within the organization. Which of the following principles does this best demonstrate?

Options:

A.  

Alignment with the business

B.  

Effective use of existing technologies

C.  

Leveraging existing implementations

D.  

Proper budget management

Discussion 0
Question # 19

A recommended method to document the respective roles of groups and individuals for a given process is to:

Options:

A.  

Develop a detailed internal organization chart

B.  

Develop a telephone call tree for emergency response

C.  

Develop an isolinear response matrix with cost benefit analysis projections

D.  

Develop a Responsible, Accountable, Consulted, Informed (RACI) chart

Discussion 0
Question # 20

An international organization is planning a project to implement encryption technologies to protect company confidential information. This organization has data centers on three continents. Which of the following would be considered a MAJOR constraint for the project?

Options:

A.  

Time zone differences

B.  

Compliance to local hiring laws

C.  

Encryption import/export regulations

D.  

Local customer privacy laws

Discussion 0
Question # 21

A CISO has recently joined an organization with a poorly implemented security program. The desire is to base the security program on a risk management approach. Which of the following is a foundational requirement in order to initiate this type of program?

Options:

A.  

A security organization that is adequately staffed to apply required mitigation strategies and regulatory compliance solutions

B.  

A clear set of security policies and procedures that are more concept-based than controls-based

C.  

A complete inventory of Information Technology assets including infrastructure, networks, applications and data

D.  

A clearly identified executive sponsor who will champion the effort to ensure organizational buy-in

Discussion 0
Question # 22

How often should the SSAE16 report of your vendors be reviewed?

Options:

A.  

Quarterly

B.  

Semi-annually

C.  

Annually

D.  

Bi-annually

Discussion 0
Question # 23

A CISO implements smart cards for credential management, and as a result has reduced costs associated with help desk operations supporting password resets. This demonstrates which of the following principles?

Options:

A.  

Security alignment to business goals

B.  

Regulatory compliance effectiveness

C.  

Increased security program presence

D.  

Proper organizational policy enforcement

Discussion 0
Question # 24

When selecting a security solution with reoccurring maintenance costs after the first year, the CISO should: (choose the BEST answer)

Options:

A.  

The CISO should cut other essential programs to ensure the new solution’s continued use

B.  

Communicate future operating costs to the CIO/CFO and seek commitment from them to ensure the new solution’s continued use

C.  

Defer selection until the market improves and cash flow is positive

D.  

Implement the solution and ask for the increased operating cost budget when it is time

Discussion 0
Question # 25

The Board of Directors of a publicly-traded company is concerned about the security implications of a strategic project that will migrate 50% of the organization’s information technology assets to the cloud. They have requested a briefing on the project plan and a progress report of the security stream of the project. As the CISO, you have been tasked with preparing the report for the Chief Executive Officer to present.

Using the Earned Value Management (EVM), what does a Cost Variance (CV) of -1,200 mean?

Options:

A.  

The project is over budget

B.  

The project budget has reserves

C.  

The project cost is in alignment with the budget

D.  

The project is under budget

Discussion 0
Question # 26

A Security Operations (SecOps) Manager is considering implementing threat hunting to be able to make better decisions on protecting information and assets.

What is the MAIN goal of threat hunting to the SecOps Manager?

Options:

A.  

Improve discovery of valid detected events

B.  

Enhance tuning of automated tools to detect and prevent attacks

C.  

Replace existing threat detection strategies

D.  

Validate patterns of behavior related to an attack

Discussion 0
Question # 27

An auditor is reviewing the security classifications for a group of assets and finds that many of the assets are not correctly classified.

What should the auditor’s NEXT step be?

Options:

A.  

Immediately notify the board of directors of the organization as to the finding

B.  

Correct the classifications immediately based on the auditor’s knowledge of the proper classification

C.  

Document the missing classifications

D.  

Identify the owner of the asset and induce the owner to apply a proper classification

Discussion 0
Question # 28

You have been promoted to the CISO of a big-box retail store chain reporting to the Chief Information Officer (CIO). The CIO’s first mandate to you is to develop a cybersecurity compliance framework that will meet all the store’s compliance requirements.

Which of the following compliance standard is the MOST important to the organization?

Options:

A.  

The Federal Risk and Authorization Management Program (FedRAMP)

B.  

ISO 27002

C.  

NIST Cybersecurity Framework

D.  

Payment Card Industry (PCI) Data Security Standard (DSS)

Discussion 0
Question # 29

Who should be involved in the development of an internal campaign to address email phishing?

Options:

A.  

Business unit leaders, CIO, CEO

B.  

Business Unite Leaders, CISO, CIO and CEO

C.  

All employees

D.  

CFO, CEO, CIO

Discussion 0
Question # 30

XYZ is a publicly-traded software development company.

Who is ultimately accountable to the shareholders in the event of a cybersecurity breach?

Options:

A.  

Chief Financial Officer (CFO)

B.  

Chief Software Architect (CIO)

C.  

CISO

D.  

Chief Executive Officer (CEO)

Discussion 0
Question # 31

An organization recently acquired a Data Loss Prevention (DLP) solution, and two months after the implementation, it was found that sensitive data was posted to numerous Dark Web sites. The DLP application was checked, and there are no apparent malfunctions and no errors.

What is the MOST likely reason why the sensitive data was posted?

Options:

A.  

The DLP Solution was not integrated with mobile device anti-malware

B.  

Data classification was not properly performed on the assets

C.  

The sensitive data was not encrypted while at rest

D.  

A risk assessment was not performed after purchasing the DLP solution

Discussion 0
Question # 32

Which of the following strategies provides the BEST response to a ransomware attack?

Options:

A.  

Real-time off-site replication

B.  

Daily incremental backup

C.  

Daily full backup

D.  

Daily differential backup

Discussion 0
Question # 33

Many successful cyber-attacks currently include:

Options:

A.  

Phishing Attacks

B.  

Misconfigurations

C.  

Social engineering

D.  

All of these

Discussion 0
Question # 34

What does RACI stand for?

Options:

A.  

Reasonable, Actionable, Controlled, and Implemented

B.  

Responsible, Actors, Consult, and Instigate

C.  

Responsible, Accountable, Consulted, and Informed

D.  

Review, Act, Communicate, and Inform

Discussion 0
Question # 35

You have been hired as the Information System Security Officer (ISSO) for a US federal government agency. Your role is to ensure the security posture of the system is maintained. One of your tasks is to develop and maintain the system security plan (SSP) and supporting documentation.

Which of the following is NOT documented in the SSP?

Options:

A.  

The controls in place to secure the system

B.  

Name of the connected system

C.  

The results of a third-party audits and recommendations

D.  

Type of information used in the system

Discussion 0
Question # 36

A CISO must conduct risk assessments using a method where the Chief Financial Officer (CFO) receives impact data in financial terms to use as input to select the proper level of coverage in a new cybersecurity insurance policy.

What is the MOST effective method of risk analysis to provide the CFO with the information required?

Options:

A.  

Conduct a quantitative risk assessment

B.  

Conduct a hybrid risk assessment

C.  

Conduct a subjective risk assessment

D.  

Conduct a qualitative risk assessment

Discussion 0
Question # 37

Ensuring that the actions of a set of people, applications and systems follow the organization’s rules is BEST described as:

Options:

A.  

Risk management

B.  

Security management

C.  

Mitigation management

D.  

Compliance management

Discussion 0
Question # 38

The purpose of NIST SP 800-53 as part of the NIST System Certification and Accreditation Project is to establish a set of standardized, minimum security controls for IT systems addressing low, moderate, and high levels of concern for

Options:

A.  

Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability

B.  

Assurance, Compliance and Availability

C.  

International Compliance

D.  

Integrity and Availability

Discussion 0
Question # 39

A security manager has created a risk program. Which of the following is a critical part of ensuring the program is successful?

Options:

A.  

Providing a risk program governance structure

B.  

Ensuring developers include risk control comments in code

C.  

Creating risk assessment templates based on specific threats

D.  

Allowing for the acceptance of risk for regulatory compliance requirements

Discussion 0
Question # 40

Which of the following most commonly falls within the scope of an information security governance steering committee?

Options:

A.  

Approving access to critical financial systems

B.  

Developing content for security awareness programs

C.  

Interviewing candidates for information security specialist positions

D.  

Vetting information security policies

Discussion 0
Question # 41

According to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) SP 800-40, which of the following considerations are MOST important when creating a vulnerability management program?

Options:

A.  

Susceptibility to attack, mitigation response time, and cost

B.  

Attack vectors, controls cost, and investigation staffing needs

C.  

Vulnerability exploitation, attack recovery, and mean time to repair

D.  

Susceptibility to attack, expected duration of attack, and mitigation availability

Discussion 0
Question # 42

A security professional has been promoted to be the CISO of an organization. The first task is to create a security policy for this organization. The CISO creates and publishes the security policy. This policy however, is ignored and not enforced consistently. Which of the following is the MOST likely reason for the policy shortcomings?

Options:

A.  

Lack of a formal security awareness program

B.  

Lack of a formal security policy governance process

C.  

Lack of formal definition of roles and responsibilities

D.  

Lack of a formal risk management policy

Discussion 0
Question # 43

When choosing a risk mitigation method what is the MOST important factor?

Options:

A.  

Approval from the board of directors

B.  

Cost of the mitigation is less than the risk

C.  

Metrics of mitigation method success

D.  

Mitigation method complies with PCI regulations

Discussion 0
Question # 44

Which of the following functions MUST your Information Security Governance program include for formal organizational reporting?

Options:

A.  

Audit and Legal

B.  

Budget and Compliance

C.  

Human Resources and Budget

D.  

Legal and Human Resources

Discussion 0
Question # 45

The PRIMARY objective for information security program development should be:

Options:

A.  

Reducing the impact of the risk to the business.

B.  

Establishing strategic alignment with bunsiness continuity requirements

C.  

Establishing incident response programs.

D.  

Identifying and implementing the best security solutions.

Discussion 0
Question # 46

A global retail company is creating a new compliance management process. Which of the following regulations is of MOST importance to be tracked and managed by this process?

Options:

A.  

Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL)

B.  

International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards

C.  

Payment Card Industry Data Security Standards (PCI-DSS)

D.  

National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST) standard

Discussion 0
Question # 47

Why is it vitally important that senior management endorse a security policy?

Options:

A.  

So that they will accept ownership for security within the organization.

B.  

So that employees will follow the policy directives.

C.  

So that external bodies will recognize the organizations commitment to security.

D.  

So that they can be held legally accountable.

Discussion 0
Question # 48

When an organization claims it is secure because it is PCI-DSS certified, what is a good first question to ask towards assessing the effectiveness of their security program?

Options:

A.  

How many credit card records are stored?

B.  

How many servers do you have?

C.  

What is the scope of the certification?

D.  

What is the value of the assets at risk?

Discussion 0
Question # 49

Access Control lists (ACLs), Firewalls, and Intrusion Prevention Systems are examples of

Options:

A.  

Network based security preventative controls

B.  

Software segmentation controls

C.  

Network based security detective controls

D.  

User segmentation controls

Discussion 0
Question # 50

As the Chief Information Security Officer, you want to ensure data shared securely, especially when shared with

third parties outside the organization. What protocol provides the ability to extend the network perimeter with

the use of encapsulation and encryption?

Options:

A.  

File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

B.  

Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN)

C.  

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

D.  

Virtual Private Network (VPN)

Discussion 0
Question # 51

When dealing with risk, the information security practitioner may choose to:

Options:

A.  

assign

B.  

transfer

C.  

acknowledge

D.  

defer

Discussion 0
Question # 52

Which of the following is considered the foundation for the Enterprise Information Security Architecture (EISA)?

Options:

A.  

Security regulations

B.  

Asset classification

C.  

Information security policy

D.  

Data classification

Discussion 0
Question # 53

During the 3rd quarter of a budget cycle, the CISO noticed she spent more than was originally planned in her

annual budget. What is the condition of her current budgetary posture?

Options:

A.  

The budget is in a temporary state of imbalance

B.  

The budget is operating at a deficit

C.  

She can realign the budget through moderate capital expense (CAPEX) allocation

D.  

She has a surplus of operational expenses (OPEX)

Discussion 0
Question # 54

Which of the following is used to lure attackers into false environments so they can be monitored, contained, or blocked from reaching critical systems?

Options:

A.  

Segmentation controls.

B.  

Shadow applications.

C.  

Deception technology.

D.  

Vulnerability management.

Discussion 0
Question # 55

Which of the following is the MOST effective method for discovering common technical vulnerabilities within the

IT environment?

Options:

A.  

Reviewing system administrator logs

B.  

Auditing configuration templates

C.  

Checking vendor product releases

D.  

Performing system scans

Discussion 0
Question # 56

Scenario: Your corporate systems have been under constant probing and attack from foreign IP addresses for more than a week. Your security team and security infrastructure have performed well under the stress. You are confident that your defenses have held up under the test, but rumors are spreading that sensitive customer data has been stolen and is now being sold on the Internet by criminal elements. During your investigation of the rumored compromise you discover that data has been breached and you have discovered the repository of stolen data on a server located in a foreign country. Your team now has full access to the data on the foreign server.

What action should you take FIRST?

Options:

A.  

Destroy the repository of stolen data

B.  

Contact your local law enforcement agency

C.  

Consult with other C-Level executives to develop an action plan

D.  

Contract with a credit reporting company for paid monitoring services for affected customers

Discussion 0
Question # 57

SCENARIO: A CISO has several two-factor authentication systems under review and selects the one that is most sufficient and least costly. The implementation project planning is completed and the teams are ready to implement the solution. The CISO then discovers that the product it is not as scalable as originally thought and will not fit the organization’s needs.

The CISO discovers the scalability issue will only impact a small number of network segments. What is the next logical step to ensure the proper application of risk management methodology within the two-facto implementation project?

Options:

A.  

Create new use cases for operational use of the solution

B.  

Determine if sufficient mitigating controls can be applied

C.  

Decide to accept the risk on behalf of the impacted business units

D.  

Report the deficiency to the audit team and create process exceptions

Discussion 0
Question # 58

Scenario: You are the newly hired Chief Information Security Officer for a company that has not previously had a senior level security practitioner. The company lacks a defined security policy and framework for their Information Security Program. Your new boss, the Chief Financial Officer, has asked you to draft an outline of a security policy and recommend an industry/sector neutral information security control framework for implementation.

Your Corporate Information Security Policy should include which of the following?

Options:

A.  

Information security theory

B.  

Roles and responsibilities

C.  

Incident response contacts

D.  

Desktop configuration standards

Discussion 0
Question # 59

File Integrity Monitoring (FIM) is considered a

Options:

A.  

Network based security preventative control

B.  

Software segmentation control

C.  

Security detective control

D.  

User segmentation control

Discussion 0
Question # 60

Which technology can provide a computing environment without requiring a dedicated hardware backend?

Options:

A.  

Mainframe server

B.  

Virtual Desktop

C.  

Thin client

D.  

Virtual Local Area Network

Discussion 0
Question # 61

The process for identifying, collecting, and producing digital information in support of legal proceedings is called

Options:

A.  

chain of custody.

B.  

electronic discovery.

C.  

evidence tampering.

D.  

electronic review.

Discussion 0
Question # 62

Which of the following is a symmetric encryption algorithm?

Options:

A.  

3DES

B.  

MD5

C.  

ECC

D.  

RSA

Discussion 0
Question # 63

What type of attack requires the least amount of technical equipment and has the highest success rate?

Options:

A.  

War driving

B.  

Operating system attacks

C.  

Social engineering

D.  

Shrink wrap attack

Discussion 0
Question # 64

What is the FIRST step in developing the vulnerability management program?

Options:

A.  

Baseline the Environment

B.  

Maintain and Monitor

C.  

Organization Vulnerability

D.  

Define Policy

Discussion 0
Question # 65

The process of identifying and classifying assets is typically included in the

Options:

A.  

Threat analysis process

B.  

Asset configuration management process

C.  

Business Impact Analysis

D.  

Disaster Recovery plan

Discussion 0
Question # 66

In terms of supporting a forensic investigation, it is now imperative that managers, first-responders, etc., accomplish the following actions to the computer under investigation:

Options:

A.  

Secure the area and shut-down the computer until investigators arrive

B.  

Secure the area and attempt to maintain power until investigators arrive

C.  

Immediately place hard drive and other components in an anti-static bag

D.  

Secure the area.

Discussion 0
Question # 67

Network Forensics is the prerequisite for any successful legal action after attacks on your Enterprise Network. Which is the single most important factor to introducing digital evidence into a court of law?

Options:

A.  

Comprehensive Log-Files from all servers and network devices affected during the attack

B.  

Fully trained network forensic experts to analyze all data right after the attack

C.  

Uninterrupted Chain of Custody

D.  

Expert forensics witness

Discussion 0
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