CEH-001 Practice Exam Questions and Answers

The following is part of a log file taken from the machine on the network with the IP address of 192.168.1.106:

Time:Mar 13 17:30:15 Port:20 Source:192.168.1.103 Destination:192.168.1.106 Protocol:TCP

Time:Mar 13 17:30:17 Port:21 Source:192.168.1.103 Destination:192.168.1.106 Protocol:TCP

Time:Mar 13 17:30:19 Port:22 Source:192.168.1.103 Destination:192.168.1.106 Protocol:TCP

Time:Mar 13 17:30:21 Port:23 Source:192.168.1.103 Destination:192.168.1.106 Protocol:TCP

Time:Mar 13 17:30:22 Port:25 Source:192.168.1.103 Destination:192.168.1.106 Protocol:TCP

Time:Mar 13 17:30:23 Port:80 Source:192.168.1.103 Destination:192.168.1.106 Protocol:TCP

Time:Mar 13 17:30:30 Port:443 Source:192.168.1.103 Destination:192.168.1.106 Protocol:TCP

What type of activity has been logged?

Which type of scan is used on the eye to measure the layer of blood vessels?

While conducting a penetration test, the tester determines that there is a firewall between the tester's machine and the target machine. The firewall is only monitoring TCP handshaking of packets at the session layer of the OSI model. Which type of firewall is the tester trying to traverse?

Bluetooth uses which digital modulation technique to exchange information between paired devices?

What is the most secure way to mitigate the theft of corporate information from a laptop that was left in a hotel room?

Which of the following is an example of IP spoofing?

What is a successful method for protecting a router from potential smurf attacks?

What is the outcome of the comm”nc -l -p 2222 | nc 10.1.0.43 1234"?

Which of the following programs is usually targeted at Microsoft Office products?

A certified ethical hacker (CEH) completed a penetration test of the main headquarters of a company almost two months ago, but has yet to get paid. The customer is suffering from financial problems, and the CEH is worried that the company will go out of business and end up not paying. What actions should the CEH take?

Which method can provide a better return on IT security investment and provide a thorough and comprehensive assessment of organizational security covering policy, procedure design, and implementation?

The intrusion detection system at a software development company suddenly generates multiple alerts regarding attacks against the company's external webserver, VPN concentrator, and DNS servers. What should the security team do to determine which alerts to check first?

Which of the statements concerning proxy firewalls is correct?

Which of the following tools will scan a network to perform vulnerability checks and compliance auditing?

What type of OS fingerprinting technique sends specially crafted packets to the remote OS and analyzes the received response?

Which type of access control is used on a router or firewall to limit network activity?

What is the correct PCAP filter to capture all TCP traffic going to or from host 192.168.0.125 on port 25?

Jake works as a system administrator at Acme Corp. Jason, an accountant of the firm befriends him at the canteen and tags along with him on the pretext of appraising him about potential tax benefits. Jason waits for Jake to swipe his access card and follows him through the open door into the secure systems area. How would you describe Jason's behavior within a security context?

What is a sniffing performed on a switched network called?

What is the correct command to run Netcat on a server using port 56 that spawns command shell when connected?

Stephanie works as a records clerk in a large office building in downtown Chicago. On Monday, she went to a mandatory security awareness class (Security5) put on by her company's IT department. During the class, the IT department informed all employees that everyone's Internet activity was thenceforth going to be monitored.

Stephanie is worried that her Internet activity might give her supervisor reason to write her up, or worse get her fired. Stephanie's daily work duties only consume about four hours of her time, so she usually spends the rest of the day surfing the web. Stephanie really enjoys surfing the Internet but definitely does not want to get fired for it.

What should Stephanie use so that she does not get in trouble for surfing the Internet?

XSS attacks occur on Web pages that do not perform appropriate bounds checking on data entered by users. Characters like < > that mark the beginning/end of a tag should be converted into HTML entities.

What is the correct code when converted to html entities?

A rootkit is a collection of tools (programs) that enable administrator-level access to a computer. This program hides itself deep into an operating system for malicious activity and is extremely difficult to detect. The malicious software operates in a stealth fashion by hiding its files, processes and registry keys and may be used to create a hidden directory or folder designed to keep out of view from a user's operating system and security software.

What privilege level does a rootkit require to infect successfully on a Victim's machine?

An attacker has successfully compromised a remote computer. Which of the following comes as one of the last steps that should be taken to ensure that the compromise cannot be traced back to the source of the problem?

The SYN flood attack sends TCP connections requests faster than a machine can process them.

• Attacker creates a random source address for each packet
• SYN flag set in each packet is a request to open a new connection to the server from the spoofed IP address
• Victim responds to spoofed IP address, then waits for confirmation that never arrives (timeout wait is about 3 minutes)
• Victim's connection table fills up waiting for replies and ignores new connections
• Legitimate users are ignored and will not be able to access the server

How do you protect your network against SYN Flood attacks?

In the context of password security: a simple dictionary attack involves loading a dictionary file (a text file full of dictionary words) into a cracking application such as L0phtCrack or John the Ripper, and running it against user accounts located by the application. The larger the word and word fragment selection, the more effective the dictionary attack is. The brute force method is the most inclusive - though slow. Usually, it tries every possible letter and number combination in its automated exploration. If you would use both brute force and dictionary combined together to have variations of words, what would you call such an attack?

A common technique for luring e-mail users into opening virus-launching attachments is to send messages that would appear to be relevant or important to many of their potential recipients. One way of accomplishing this feat is to make the virus-carrying messages appear to come from some type of business entity retailing sites, UPS, FEDEX, CITIBANK or a major provider of a common service.

Here is a fraudulent e-mail claiming to be from FedEx regarding a package that could not be delivered. This mail asks the receiver to open an attachment in order to obtain the FEDEX tracking number for picking up the package. The attachment contained in this type of e-mail activates a virus.

Vendors send e-mails like this to their customers advising them not to open any files attached with the mail, as they do not include attachments.

Fraudulent e-mail and legit e-mail that arrives in your inbox contain the fedex.com as the sender of the mail.

How do you ensure if the e-mail is authentic and sent from fedex.com?

Stephanie works as senior security analyst for a manufacturing company in Detroit. Stephanie manages network security throughout the organization. Her colleague Jason told her in confidence that he was able to see confidential corporate information posted on the external website http://www.jeansclothesman.com. He tries random URLs on the company 's website and finds confidential information leaked over the web. Jason says this happened about a month ago. Stephanie visits the said URLs, but she finds nothing. She is very concerned about this, since someone should be held accountable if there was sensitive information posted on the website.

Where can Stephanie go to see past versions and pages of a website?

What are the limitations of Vulnerability scanners? (Select 2 answers)

This type of Port Scanning technique splits TCP header into several packets so that the packet filters are not able to detect what the packets intends to do.

In Buffer Overflow exploit, which of the following registers gets overwritten with return address of the exploit code?

Samuel is the network administrator of DataX Communications, Inc. He is trying to configure his firewall to block password brute force attempts on his network. He enables blocking the intruder's IP address for a period of 24 hours' time after more than three unsuccessful attempts. He is confident that this rule will secure his network from hackers on the Internet.

But he still receives hundreds of thousands brute-force attempts generated from various IP addresses around the world. After some investigation he realizes that the intruders are using a proxy somewhere else on the Internet which has been scripted to enable the random usage of various proxies on each request so as not to get caught by the firewall rule.

Later he adds another rule to his firewall and enables small sleep on the password attempt so that if the password is incorrect, it would take 45 seconds to return to the user to begin another attempt. Since an intruder may use multiple machines to brute force the password, he also throttles the number of connections that will be prepared to accept from a particular IP address. This action will slow the intruder's attempts.

Samuel wants to completely block hackers brute force attempts on his network.

What are the alternatives to defending against possible brute-force password attacks on his site?

Shayla is an IT security consultant, specializing in social engineering and external penetration tests. Shayla has been hired on by Treks Avionics, a subcontractor for the Department of Defense. Shayla has been given authority to perform any and all tests necessary to audit the company's network security.

No employees for the company, other than the IT director, know about Shayla's work she will be doing. Shayla's first step is to obtain a list of employees through company website contact pages. Then she befriends a female employee of the company through an online chat website. After meeting with the female employee numerous times, Shayla is able to gain her trust and they become friends. One day, Shayla steals the employee's access badge and uses it to gain unauthorized access to the Treks Avionics offices.

What type of insider threat would Shayla be considered?

The following script shows a simple SQL injection. The script builds an SQL query by concatenating hard-coded strings together with a string entered by the user:

The user is prompted to enter the name of a city on a Web form. If she enters Chicago, the query assembled by the script looks similar to the following:

SELECT * FROM OrdersTable WHERE ShipCity = 'Chicago'

How will you delete the OrdersTable from the database using SQL Injection?

Your company has blocked all the ports via external firewall and only allows port 80/443 to connect to the Internet. You want to use FTP to connect to some remote server on the Internet. How would you accomplish this?

LAN Manager Passwords are concatenated to 14 bytes, and split in half. The two halves are hashed individually. If the password is 7 characters or less, than the second half of the hash is always:

What is the default Password Hash Algorithm used by NTLMv2?

John is using a special tool on his Linux platform that has a database containing signatures to be able to detect hundreds of vulnerabilities in UNIX, Windows, and commonly used web CGI/ASPX scripts. Moreover, the database detects DDoS zombies and Trojans as well. What would be the name of this tool?

How does a denial-of-service attack work?

The network administrator at Spears Technology, Inc has configured the default gateway Cisco router's access-list as below:

You are hired to conduct security testing on their network. You successfully brute-force the SNMP community string using a SNMP crack tool. The access-list configured at the router prevents you from establishing a successful connection. You want to retrieve the Cisco configuration from the router. How would you proceed?

Nathan is testing some of his network devices. Nathan is using Macof to try and flood the ARP cache of these switches. If these switches' ARP cache is successfully flooded, what will be the result?

Bob has a good understanding of cryptography, having worked with it for many years. Cryptography is used to secure data from specific threats, but it does not secure the application from coding errors. It can provide data privacy; integrity and enable strong authentication but it cannot mitigate programming errors. What is a good example of a programming error that Bob can use to explain to the management how encryption will not address all their security concerns?

A simple compiler technique used by programmers is to add a terminator 'canary word' containing four letters NULL (0x00), CR (0x0d), LF (0x0a) and EOF (0xff) so that most string operations are terminated. If the canary word has been altered when the function returns, and the program responds by emitting an intruder alert into syslog, and then halts what does it indicate?

What port number is used by LDAP protocol?

Neil is closely monitoring his firewall rules and logs on a regular basis. Some of the users have complained to Neil that there are a few employees who are visiting offensive web site during work hours, without any consideration for others. Neil knows that he has an up-to-date content filtering system and such access should not be authorized. What type of technique might be used by these offenders to access the Internet without restriction?

Gerald, the Systems Administrator for Hyped Enterprises, has just discovered that his network has been breached by an outside attacker. After performing routine maintenance on his servers, he discovers numerous remote tools were installed that no one claims to have knowledge of in his department. Gerald logs onto the management console for his IDS and discovers an unknown IP address that scanned his network constantly for a week and was able to access his network through a high-level port that was not closed. Gerald traces the IP address he found in the IDS log to a proxy server in Brazil. Gerald calls the company that owns the proxy server and after searching through their logs, they trace the source to another proxy server in Switzerland. Gerald calls the company in Switzerland that owns the proxy server and after scanning through the logs again, they trace the source back to a proxy server in China. What proxy tool has Gerald's attacker used to cover their tracks?

An Attacker creates a zuckerjournals.com website by copying and mirroring HACKERJOURNALS.COM site to spread the news that Hollywood actor Jason Jenkins died in a car accident. The attacker then submits his fake site for indexing in major search engines. When users search for "Jason Jenkins", attacker's fake site shows up and dupes victims by the fake news.

This is another great example that some people do not know what URL's are. Real website:

Fake website: http://www.zuckerjournals.com

The website is clearly not WWW.HACKERJOURNALS.COM. It is obvious for many, but unfortunately some people still do not know what an URL is. It's the address that you enter into the address bar at the top your browser and this is clearly not legit site, its www.zuckerjournals.com

How would you verify if a website is authentic or not?

Every company needs a formal written document which spells out to employees precisely what they are allowed to use the company's systems for, what is prohibited, and what will happen to them if they break the rules. Two printed copies of the policy should be given to every employee as soon as possible after they join the organization. The employee should be asked to sign one copy, which should be safely filed by the company. No one should be allowed to use the company's computer systems until they have signed the policy in acceptance of its terms. What is this document called?

Yancey is a network security administrator for a large electric company. This company provides power for over 100, 000 people in Las Vegas. Yancey has worked for his company for over 15 years and has become very successful. One day, Yancey comes in to work and finds out that the company will be downsizing and he will be out of a job in two weeks. Yancey is very angry and decides to place logic bombs, viruses, Trojans, and backdoors all over the network to take down the company once he has left. Yancey does not care if his actions land him in jail for 30 or more years, he just wants the company to pay for what they are doing to him. What would Yancey be considered?

A digital signature is simply a message that is encrypted with the public key instead of the private key.

Frederickson Security Consultants is currently conducting a security audit on the networks of Hawthorn Enterprises, a contractor for the Department of Defense. Since Hawthorn Enterprises conducts business daily with the federal government, they must abide by very stringent security policies. Frederickson is testing all of Hawthorn's physical and logical security measures including biometrics, passwords, and permissions. The federal government requires that all users must utilize random, non-dictionary passwords that must take at least 30 days to crack. Frederickson has confirmed that all Hawthorn employees use a random password generator for their network passwords. The Frederickson consultants have saved off numerous SAM files from Hawthorn's servers using Pwdump6 and are going to try and crack the network passwords. What method of attack is best suited to crack these passwords in the shortest amount of time?

What is the goal of a Denial of Service Attack?

In the context of password security, a simple dictionary attack involves loading a dictionary file (a text file full of dictionary words) into a cracking application such as L0phtCrack or John the Ripper, and running it against user accounts located by the application. The larger the word and word fragment selection, the more effective the dictionary attack is. The brute force method is the most inclusive, although slow. It usually tries every possible letter and number combination in its automated exploration.

If you would use both brute force and dictionary methods combined together to have variation of words, what would you call such an attack?

A POP3 client contacts the POP3 server:

What is the term 8 to describe an attack that falsifies a broadcast ICMP echo request and includes a primary and secondary victim?

You have retrieved the raw hash values from a Windows 2000 Domain Controller. Using social engineering, you come to know that they are enforcing strong passwords. You understand that all users are required to use passwords that are at least 8 characters in length. All passwords must also use 3 of the 4 following categories: lower case letters, capital letters, numbers and special characters.

With your existing knowledge of users, likely user account names and the possibility that they will choose the easiest passwords possible, what would be the fastest type of password cracking attack you can run against these hash values and still get results?

One of your junior administrator is concerned with Windows LM hashes and password cracking. In your discussion with them, which of the following are true statements that you would point out?

Select the best answers.

In Linux, the three most common commands that hackers usually attempt to Trojan are:

This kind of password cracking method uses word lists in combination with numbers and special characters:

What do Trinoo, TFN2k, WinTrinoo, T-Sight, and Stracheldraht have in common?

Let's imagine three companies (A, B and C), all competing in a challenging global environment. Company A and B are working together in developing a product that will generate a major competitive advantage for them. Company A has a secure DNS server while company B has a DNS server vulnerable to spoofing. With a spoofing attack on the DNS server of company B, company C gains access to outgoing e-mails from company

B.  

Ethereal works best on ____________.

Which DNS resource record can indicate how long any "DNS poisoning" could last?

Joseph was the Web site administrator for the Mason Insurance in New York, who's main Web site was located at www.masonins.com. Joseph uses his laptop computer regularly to administer the Web site.

One night, Joseph received an urgent phone call from his friend, Smith. According to Smith, the main Mason Insurance web site had been vandalized! All of its normal content was removed and replaced with an attacker's message ''Hacker Message: You are dead! Freaks!

From his office, which was directly connected to Mason Insurance's internal network, Joseph surfed to the Web site using his laptop. In his browser, the Web site looked completely intact. No changes were apparent. Joseph called a friend of his at his home to help troubleshoot the problem. The Web site appeared defaced when his friend visited using his DSL connection. So, while Smith and his friend could see the defaced page, Joseph saw the intact Mason Insurance web site. To help make sense of this problem, Joseph decided to access the Web site using his dial-up ISP. He disconnected his laptop from the corporate internal network and used his modem to dial up the same ISP used by Smith.

After his modem connected, he quickly typed www.masonins.com in his browser to reveal the following web page:

H@cker Mess@ge:

Y0u @re De@d! Fre@ks!

After seeing the defaced Web site, he disconnected his dial-up line, reconnected to the internal network, and used Secure Shell (SSH) to log in directly to the Web server. He ran Tripwire against the entire Web site, and determined that every system file and all the Web content on the server were intact.

How did the attacker accomplish this hack?

Study the snort rule given below:

From the options below, choose the exploit against which this rule applies.

Windows LAN Manager (LM) hashes are known to be weak. Which of the following are known weaknesses of LM? (Choose three)

Tess King, the evil hacker, is purposely sending fragmented ICMP packets to a remote target. The total size of this ICMP packet once reconstructed is over 65, 536 bytes. From the information given, what type of attack is Tess King attempting to perform?

Exhibit:

ettercap –NCLzs --quiet

What does the command in the exhibit do in “Ettercap”?

When utilizing technical assessment methods to assess the security posture of a network, which of the following techniques would be most effective in determining whether end-user security training would be beneficial?

Trojan horse attacks pose one of the most serious threats to computer security. The image below shows different ways a Trojan can get into a system. Which are the easiest and most convincing ways to infect a computer?

Here is the ASCII Sheet.

You want to guess the DBO username juggyboy (8 characters) using Blind SQL Injection technique.

What is the correct syntax?

What do you call a pre-computed hash?

Which of the following can take an arbitrary length of input and produce a message digest output of 160 bit?

You generate MD5 128-bit hash on all files and folders on your computer to keep a baseline check for security reasons?

What is the length of the MD5 hash?

A company has made the decision to host their own email and basic web services. The administrator needs to set up the external firewall to limit what protocols should be allowed to get to the public part of the company's network. Which ports should the administrator open? (Choose three.)

During a wireless penetration test, a tester detects an access point using WPA2 encryption. Which of the following attacks should be used to obtain the key?

Which tool is used to automate SQL injections and exploit a database by forcing a given web application to connect to another database controlled by a hacker?

Jacob is looking through a traffic log that was captured using Wireshark. Jacob has come across what appears to be SYN requests to an internal computer from a spoofed IP address. What is Jacob seeing here?

You are trying to hijack a telnet session from a victim machine with IP address 10.0.0.5 to Cisco router at 10.0.0.1. You sniff the traffic and attempt to predict the sequence and acknowledgement numbers to successfully hijack the telnet session.

Here is the captured data in tcpdump.

What are the next sequence and acknowledgement numbers that the router will send to the victim machine?

In order to show improvement of security over time, what must be developed?

Jake is a network administrator who needs to get reports from all the computer and network devices on his network. Jake wants to use SNMP but is afraid that won't be secure since passwords and messages are in clear text. How can Jake gather network information in a secure manner?

You are writing security policy that hardens and prevents Footprinting attempt by Hackers. Which of the following countermeasures will NOT be effective against this attack?

Passive reconnaissance involves collecting information through which of the following?

Which of the following techniques can be used to mitigate the risk of an on-site attacker from connecting to an unused network port and gaining full access to the network? (Choose three.)

June, a security analyst, understands that a polymorphic virus has the ability to mutate and can change its known viral signature and hide from signature-based antivirus programs. Can June use an antivirus program in this case and would it be effective against a polymorphic virus?

User which Federal Statutes does FBI investigate for computer crimes involving e-mail scams and mail fraud?

The following excerpt is taken from a honeyput log. The log captures activities across three days. There are several intrusion attempts; however, a few are successful. Study the log given below and answer the following question:

(Note: The objective of this questions is to test whether the student has learnt about passive OS fingerprinting (which should tell them the OS from log captures): can they tell a SQL injection attack signature; can they infer if a user ID has been created by an attacker and whether they can read plain source – destination entries from log entries.)

What can you infer from the above log?

What is the essential difference between an ‘Ethical Hacker’ and a ‘Cracker’?

You are having problems while retrieving results after performing port scanning during internal testing. You verify that there are no security devices between you and the target system. When both stealth and connect scanning do not work, you decide to perform a NULL scan with NMAP. The first few systems scanned shows all ports open.

Which one of the following statements is probably true?

War dialing is a very old attack and depicted in movies that were made years ago.

Why would a modem security tester consider using such an old technique?

What type of port scan is shown below?

Neil notices that a single address is generating traffic from its port 500 to port 500 of several other machines on the network. This scan is eating up most of the network bandwidth and Neil is concerned. As a security professional, what would you infer from this scan?

Exhibit

(Note: the student is being tested on concepts learnt during passive OS fingerprinting, basic TCP/IP connection concepts and the ability to read packet signatures from a sniff dump.)

Snort has been used to capture packets on the network. On studying the packets, the penetration tester finds it to be abnormal. If you were the penetration tester, why would you find this abnormal?

What is odd about this attack? Choose the best answer.

What port scanning method is the most reliable but also the most detectable?

Which of the following LM hashes represents a password of less than 8 characters?

Bob is acknowledged as a hacker of repute and is popular among visitors of “underground” sites. Bob is willing to share his knowledge with those who are willing to learn, and many have expressed their interest in learning from him. However, this knowledge has a risk associated with it, as it can be used for malevolent attacks as well.

In this context, what would be the most affective method to bridge the knowledge gap between the “black” hats or crackers and the “white” hats or computer security professionals? (Choose the test answer)

Doug is conducting a port scan of a target network. He knows that his client target network has a web server and that there is a mail server also which is up and running. Doug has been sweeping the network but has not been able to elicit any response from the remote target. Which of the following could be the most likely cause behind this lack of response? Select 4.

What does a type 3 code 13 represent?(Choose two.

Exhibit

Joe Hacker runs the hping2 hacking tool to predict the target host’s sequence numbers in one of the hacking session.

What does the first and second column mean? Select two.

Why would an attacker want to perform a scan on port 137?

What is the disadvantage of an automated vulnerability assessment tool?

What are two types of ICMP code used when using the ping command?

Which of the following attacks takes best advantage of an existing authenticated connection?

Sally is a network admin for a small company. She was asked to install wireless accesspoints in the building. In looking at the specifications for the access-points, she sees that all of them offer WEP. Which of these are true about WEP?

Select the best answer.

How many bits encryption does SHA-1 use?

While examining a log report you find out that an intrusion has been attempted by a machine whose IP address is displayed as 0xde.0xad.0xbe.0xef. It looks to you like a hexadecimal number. You perform a ping 0xde.0xad.0xbe.0xef. Which of the following IP addresses will respond to the ping and hence will likely be responsible for the intrusion?

Steven the hacker realizes that the network administrator of XYZ is using syskey to protect organization resources in the Windows 2000 Server. Syskey independently encrypts the hashes so that physical access to the server, tapes, or ERDs is only first step to cracking the passwords. Steven must break through the encryption used by syskey before he can attempt to brute force dictionary attacks on the hashes. Steven runs a program called “SysCracker” targeting the Windows 2000 Server machine in attempting to crack the hash used by Syskey. He needs to configure the encryption level before he can launch attach.

How many bits does Syskey use for encryption?

Peter is a Linux network admin. As a knowledgeable security consultant, he turns to you to look for help on a firewall. He wants to use Linux as his firewall and use the latest freely available version that is offered. What do you recommend?

Select the best answer.

What makes web application vulnerabilities so aggravating? (Choose two)

You have successfully run a buffer overflow attack against a default IIS installation running on a Windows 2000 Server. The server allows you to spawn a shell. In order to perform the actions you intend to do, you need elevated permission. You need to know what your current privileges are within the shell. Which of the following options would be your current privileges?

Your boss Tess King is attempting to modify the parameters of a Web-based application in order to alter the SQL statements that are parsed to retrieve data from the database. What would you call such an attack?

The programmers on your team are analyzing the free, open source software being used to run FTP services on a server. They notice that there is an excessive number of fgets() and gets() on the source code. These C++ functions do not check bounds.

What kind of attack is this program susceptible to?

Why do you need to capture five to ten million packets in order to crack WEP with AirSnort?

Bryan notices the error on the web page and asks Liza to enter liza' or '1'='1 in the email field. They are greeted with a message "Your login information has been mailed to johndoe@gmail.com". What do you think has occurred?

Which of the following wireless technologies can be detected by NetStumbler? (Select all that apply)

You find the following entries in your web log. Each shows attempted access to either root.exe or cmd.exe.

What caused this?

Derek has stumbled upon a wireless network and wants to assess its security. However, he does not find enough traffic for a good capture. He intends to use AirSnort on the captured traffic to crack the WEP key and does not know the IP address range or the AP. How can he generate traffic on the network so that he can capture enough packets to crack the WEP key?

What is a sheepdip?

After studying the following log entries, how many user IDs can you identify that the attacker has tampered with?

1. mkdir -p /etc/X11/applnk/Internet/.etc

2. mkdir -p /etc/X11/applnk/Internet/.etcpasswd

3. touch -acmr /etc/passwd /etc/X11/applnk/Internet/.etcpasswd

4. touch -acmr /etc /etc/X11/applnk/Internet/.etc

5. passwd nobody -d

6. /usr/sbin/adduser dns -d/bin -u 0 -g 0 -s/bin/bash

7. passwd dns -d

8. touch -acmr /etc/X11/applnk/Internet/.etcpasswd /etc/passwd

9. touch -acmr /etc/X11/applnk/Internet/.etc /etc

Which of the following cryptography attack methods is usually performed without the use of a computer?

WPA2 uses AES for wireless data encryption at which of the following encryption levels?

A Network Administrator was recently promoted to Chief Security Officer at a local university. One of employee's new responsibilities is to manage the implementation of an RFID card access system to a new server room on campus. The server room will house student enrollment information that is securely backed up to an off-site location.

During a meeting with an outside consultant, the Chief Security Officer explains that he is concerned that the existing security controls have not been designed properly. Currently, the Network Administrator is responsible for approving and issuing RFID card access to the server room, as well as reviewing the electronic access logs on a weekly basis.

Which of the following is an issue with the situation?

An NMAP scan of a server shows port 69 is open. What risk could this pose?

A tester has been hired to do a web application security test. The tester notices that the site is dynamic and must make use of a back end database.

In order for the tester to see if SQL injection is possible, what is the first character that the tester should use to attempt breaking a valid SQL request?

The Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) testing methodology addresses the need to secure web applications by providing which one of the following services?

Which of the following open source tools would be the best choice to scan a network for potential targets?

What is the best defense against privilege escalation vulnerability?

A hacker is attempting to see which ports have been left open on a network. Which NMAP switch would the hacker use?

What are the three types of compliance that the Open Source Security Testing Methodology Manual (OSSTMM) recognizes?

What are common signs that a system has been compromised or hacked? (Choose three.)

Information gathered from social networking websites such as Facebook, Twitter and LinkedIn can be used to launch which of the following types of attacks? (Choose two.)