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Commercial Negotiation

Last Update 4 days ago
Total Questions : 162

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Question # 1

An automotive company purchases high quality steel to produce components. The steel is an important raw material and the contract value is enormous. They sources the steel from oversea and contact some potential suppliers. One of the potential suppliers invites the procurement team to their premise for a new business opportunity. Should the procurement team accept the invitation?

Options:

A.  

No, because negotiating over telephone is enough to collect information on supplier's capability

B.  

Yes, because the visit would increase the buyer's bargaining power

C.  

Yes, because this is an opportunity to assess the supplier's capacity

D.  

No, because the travel would incur unnecessary costs

Discussion 0
Question # 2

Which of the following are most likely to be fixed costs of an airline? Select TWO that apply.

Options:

A.  

Purchase of aircraft

B.  

Catering services

C.  

Advertising and promotion

D.  

Flightcrew training

E.  

Fuel

Discussion 0
Question # 3

Which of the following is the process enabling the buyer to sharewith the supplier their purposes and needs to focus on some specific areas such as quality, cost, social and environmental standards, etc in the supplier's bids?

Options:

A.  

Supplier selection

B.  

Supply positioning

C.  

Supplier appraisal

D.  

Supplier conditioning

Discussion 0
Question # 4

A buying organisation with a low spend but the reputation for paying on-time. In order to increase buyer's leverage in negotiation with suppliers, which of the following should be a priority of this buyer?

Options:

A.  

Unclear tender award criteria

B.  

Volume separation

C.  

Spend concentration

D.  

Unavailable technical support

Discussion 0
Question # 5

To buying organisation, savings can be achieved from different saving levers or tactics. Which of the following are means that deliver savings through optimising specifications?

Options:

A.  

Value engineering

B.  

Part substitution

C.  

Budgetlinkages

D.  

Compare total cost of ownership

E.  

Volume pooling

Discussion 0
Question # 6

A buying organisation with a low spend and the reputation for paying late might be viewed by a supplier as which of the following?

Options:

A.  

Develop

B.  

Nuisance

C.  

Core

D.  

Exploit

Discussion 0
Question # 7

Which of the following are hardball tactics in negotiations? Select TWO that apply.

Options:

A.  

Expand the pie

B.  

Snow job

C.  

Good cop, bad cop

D.  

Sweetening the deal

E.  

Bridging

Discussion 0
Question # 8

Neville is a senior procurement specialist in a automaker. He has good relationship with his team mates and other departments because of his amazing purchasing skills and kindness. Which of the following sources of power is Neville likely to possess?

Options:

A.  

Reward

B.  

Referent

C.  

Legitimate

D.  

Coercive

Discussion 0
Question # 9

Collaborative approach in negotiation not only can fully satisfies the concerns of both, but also ensure that neither party will seek to be opportunistic in later time during the life of the contract. Is this statement true?

Options:

A.  

Yes, because all parties must have exactly the same goals in integrative negotiation

B.  

No, because any party may leverage its own advantage during the contract

C.  

Yes, because both parties have well understood each other's goals when they engage in collaborative negotiation

D.  

No, because the parties will always find a compromise solution in integrative approach

Discussion 0
Question # 10

How contribution is calculated in break-even analysis?

Options:

A.  

Fixed costs divided by variable costs

B.  

Variable costs subtracted from price

C.  

Price minus fixed costs

D.  

Variable costs subtracted from fixed costs

Discussion 0
Question # 11

Which of the following may help the procurement professional increase expert power in commercial negotiation? Select TWO that apply.

Options:

A.  

Personality

B.  

Official positions

C.  

Insights

D.  

Ability to compensation

E.  

Expertise knowledge

Discussion 0
Question # 12

In a commercial negotiation, a procurement professional negotiates on his company's behalf. The power of buying organisation is the only factor that influences the behaviours of the other party. Is this assumption true?

Options:

A.  

Yes, because the outcomes of negotiation are attributable to the buying organisation

B.  

No, because personal power of negotiators also attributes tothe outcomes

C.  

No, because power of supplier is the only factor that influences the other party

D.  

Yes, because buyer's brand, reputation and purchasing spend largely determine the outcomes

Discussion 0
Question # 13

Stalemate is morelikely to happen if both parties trade more variables in a commercial negotiation. Is this assumption true?

Options:

A.  

No, because the party who offers more variables will have lower bargaining power

B.  

Yes, because the negotiation will last endlessly if there aretoo many variables

C.  

No, because more variables will facilitate more possible negotiated outcomes

D.  

Yes, because more variables will cause more conflicts of interest

Discussion 0
Question # 14

In general, which of the following is the consequence of a flatter demand curve?

Options:

A.  

Quantityelastic

B.  

Price elastic

C.  

Price inelastic

D.  

Unit price elastic

Discussion 0
Question # 15

Which of the following will shift the supply curve to the right?

Options:

A.  

Changes in customer taste

B.  

New disruptive technology

C.  

Decreased market price of substitute products

D.  

Increasedcustomers' disposable income

Discussion 0
Question # 16

A new manager has been appointed with responsibility for an organisation's category which has major impact on organisational cost base and there are little competitions in the supply market. They have an objective to improve supplier cost structures over time. Which of the following should they carry out first?

Options:

A.  

Purchase price cost analysis

B.  

Competitive rivalry analysis

C.  

Volume concentration

D.  

STEEPLE analysis

Discussion 0
Question # 17

Which of the following are most likely to be the potential cultural differences that can make transactions with an international supplier more problematic that with local suppliers? Select TWO that apply.

Options:

A.  

Incoterms and logistics difficulties

B.  

The use and interpretation of body language

C.  

Currency exchange fluctuation

D.  

The importance of timescales

E.  

Payment mechanism

Discussion 0
Question # 18

Buying organisation may increase its leverage with suppliers by concentrating spend. Which of the following are most likely to be forms of supplier spend consolidation? Select THREE that apply.

Options:

A.  

Forming purchasing consortia

B.  

Volume consolidation across categories

C.  

Volume separation

D.  

Paying supplier on time

E.  

Volume redistribution

F.  

Simplify procurement process

Discussion 0
Question # 19

A procurement professional is sourcing low value items. He conducts market analysis and realise that these items can be provided by many suppliers and switching cost between suppliersis relatively low. He also assume that the relationship between buyer and supplier will be transactional rather than long-term. According to Thomas-Kilmann conflict model instrument, which of the following is the most appropriate style that the procurement professional should adopt when negotiating with these suppliers?

Options:

A.  

Avoiding

B.  

Compromising

C.  

Competing

D.  

Collaborating

Discussion 0
Question # 20

Katie is preparing a negotiation with a strategic supplier. Through deep market analysis, she realises that her company and the supplier have equal bargaining power. Via regular communication, Katie knows that both parties are arguing on amount of liquidated damages and neither party shall concede all of their requirements but some are negotiable. Katie and her counterpart from supplying company still desire a long-term relationship and hope that the meeting between them will be a solution for current situation. Which of the following isthe most appropriate approach that Katie should adopt to achieve the above outcome?

Options:

A.  

Avoiding approach

B.  

Competing approach

C.  

Compromising approach

D.  

Accommodating approach

Discussion 0
Question # 21

Rose is a senior buyer from a skiing equipment retailer. Rose is concerned about the current ski boot shortage and the number of invoicing problems from a key supplier. Shehas decided to have a video conference with Victor, CEO of the supplier. Initially, she intends to threaten Victor with contract termination unless he can improve the situation. However, she is a little wary of doing this as the switching costs are high. Eventually, she decides to seek solutions by encouraging the other party to offer their views and ideas. Rose also prepares some ideas to discuss with Victor. Which of the following is the persuasion method that Rose intends to use in the forthcoming conference?

Options:

A.  

Directive (push)

B.  

Persuasive reasoning (push)

C.  

Collaborative (pull)

D.  

Visionary (pull)

Discussion 0
Question # 22

Which of the following is the area where two or more negotiating parties may find common ground?

Options:

A.  

Zone of potential agreement

B.  

Zone of proximal development

C.  

Walk away area

D.  

Best alternative to a negotiated agreement

Discussion 0
Question # 23

A senior buyer analyses the supply market and he realises that his organisation is treated asExploit according to supplier's perspective model. What does he need to do?

Options:

A.  

Adopt opaque processes

B.  

Increase the spend value

C.  

Raise the transactional costs to do business

D.  

Pay the suppliers on time

Discussion 0
Question # 24

An experienced procurement professional is developing strategies for forthcoming negotiations with her key supplier. To avoid negotiation deadlocks, she identifies the reasons whynegotiations could fail. Which of the following are most likely to be reasons for negotiation failures? Select TWO that apply.

Options:

A.  

Underlying interests of TOP are overlooked

B.  

MIL objectives are well established

C.  

Both parties focus on common interests

D.  

Buyer helps to create a co-operative atmosphere

E.  

Unachievable objectives were set up

Discussion 0
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